URBAN AGRICULTURE: FACTORS AFFECTING THE DECISION TO GROW VEGETABLES IN TAMALE METROPOLIS

Abstract

Although recent evidence shows that the consumption of exotic vegetables like lettuce, spring onion, green pepper and cabbage among urban dwellers in Ghana are increasing there has not been any economic assessment of the factors that govern the production of these vegetables. The findings of previous studies are biased towards farm technology, benefits, problems and risks (hazards) facing the vegetable industry without paying attention to factors that influence farmers’ decision to produce non-traditional vegetables. More so, as a new and a fast growing area the vegetable sub-sector lacks basic farm and farmer related data regarding average quantities of input and output in relationship to farmer decision making processes. The lack of empirical evidence on the topic serves as a limitation for any meaningful policy intervention in search of alternative ways of empowering the urban poor through increased agricultural production. The study utilizes cross-sectional data obtained from 196 urban agriculturalists (136 vegetable farmers and 56 non-vegetable farmers) to examine the factors that determine the cultivation of vegetables in the Tamale Metropolitan Assembly of the Northern Region of Ghana. The results indicate that vegetable production in the study area is influenced by extension service, the use of inorganic fertilizer (manure) and availability of farm land. Existing extension agents should be trained in modern vegetable production techniques, who should in turn train the vegetable farmers. The emphasis should be on quality seed production, seed variety and diversification and quality control. Also, the extension service delivery should be directed towards efficient application of manure. This can be achieved by encouraging vegetable farmers to form co-operatives in order to network well with livestock producer associations. Another recommendation is that policy makers should consider providing large and suitable irrigable land for vegetable production.