SAND PRODUCTION IN SUPPORT OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN TAMALE METROPOLIS

Abstract

Sand production is an important activity in the building and construction industry. Sustainable sand production is necessary for perpetually development of infrastructure in the developing world including Ghana. The increasing population in Tamale requires shelter and consequently increasing the chances for more sand resource exploitation to support construction. The main objective of this study is to assess the production of sand in support of constructional development of Tamale Metropolis. Using a mixed method approach, a survey was conducted to gather primary data Born 200 respondents consisting of 150 drivers and 50 loading boys using a structured questionnaire, Besides, interviews were conducted with the director of the Department or Agriculture, Traditional rulers and other stakeholders. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics as well as qualitative analysis. The study found the main sources of sand for Tamale Metropolis' construction industry to be its surrounding districts. It was revealed that sand production in the pert-urban areas of Tamale is done through the use of both manual and mechanical processes. Sand production takes place along river beds, river walls and sand deposits. It is the main livelihood option for some drivers and loading boys. The study established a weak interrelationship between sand producers on one hand and sand production communities on the other hand. However, sand producers do perform some social responsibilities to promote a cordial relationship with community members. Many sand producers have not recognized the role Unit Committee Task Force can play in ensuring successful sand production in the various communities. Host communities have started resisting to the production of sand and are supported by relevant agencies. Sand is a necessary resource for construction works in Tamale. Therefore, Environmental Protection Agency, District/Metropolitan Assemblies should regulate the activities or sand production to stem possible degradation, Specific intervention should include creating a common platform (geodatabase) for sand producers and sensitizing those doing mechanical sand production. The study also recommend for a strong collaboration among major and minor stakeholders in sand production.