FEMALE POLITICAL AUTHORITY IN A PATRIARCHAL SOCIETY:

Abstract

This study set out to examine the political authority and role of the Wuriche (female chief) in a predominantly male dominated environment. The purpose was to provide empirical information, which is lacking, on the status and role of the female chief in the patriarchal Gonja society and the challenges she faces thereof. The study used ethnographic methods such as interviews, observation and focus group discussions and archival review to gather data. The study contacted chiefs and key informants for interviewing using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Based on social contract theory and the theories of power and authority, the study established that the political authority of the Wuriche is institutionalised and exercised in relation to men within the Gonja political system. The Wuriche plays executive and ceremonial roles including mobilising, dispute resolution, giving counsel to the male chief and serving as the traditional mother of her society. The functions of the wuriche are underpinned by the principles of power, authority and legitimacy. As a result of social transformation, the role of the wuriche has been changing and she has to adapt to emerging challenges. It was established that, the Wuriche carries out her role amidst several socio-cultural barriers which impede her influence in society. The study concludes that, even though the Gonja society reserves reverence and preference for male authority, the Wuriche is accorded some authority which she exercises in relation to the male chief.