OPTIMISING AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT THROUGH MECHANIZED LAND PREPARATION AND FARMER-BASED ORGANISATIONS IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA

Abstract

Agriculture is the backbone of the Ghanaian economy. As a result, numerous efforts are made by both governmental and non-governmental organizations to improve agricultural production. Policies have often involved motivating the farmer through the provision of infrastructure and credit. Government policies have generally encouraged rural people to adopt and use simple technologies to reduce the burden of farm work, increase the use of high-yielding seeds. Such policies have also aimed to assist farmers with irrigation facilities, especially small-scale plants which communities and districts can easily handle and maintain (Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy, GPRS I, p. 26). Recently, increased attention has been paid to farmer-based organizations (FBOs) as an important factor in the revamping of the agricultural sector. A major policy objective is to provide adequate and reliable mechanization services to farmers. Mechanization enhances human capacity, which leads to intensification and increased productivity as a result of best practices such as timely planting, weed control, post-harvest handling and greater access to markets. Mechanization also reduces drudgery and makes agriculture a more attractive enterprise. In recent times, efforts at national and community development have been aimed at reducing poverty and promoting growth (National Development Planning Commission, 2009; Nikoi, 1998). Thus, agriculture has been the main focus of poverty reduction programmes because increased productivity in agriculture will ensure food security and contribute immensely to the health and wellbeing of the population (GPRS I, p. 26).